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The History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and the Refugee Crisis in Rafah
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Summarized by durumis AI
- The conflict between Israel and Palestine dates back over 2,000 years and continues to this day. Large-scale clashes have erupted particularly in the Gaza Strip since October 2023.
- There are currently 5.9 million Palestinian refugees. The Gaza Strip is densely populated, and refugees are living in dire conditions.
- The Israeli army has instructed residents in the Gaza region to evacuate temporarily, hinting at the possibility of ground operations. This is seen as a measure of pressure on Hamas, and if the situation escalates into a ground war, there are concerns over potential casualties among Rafah residents.
The conflict between Israel and Palestine dates back over 2,000 years. After the Jewish kingdom was destroyed by the Roman Empire, the Jews were driven out of their homeland and scattered around the world. In the 19th century, the Zionist movement arose, which dreamed of returning to their homeland, and the Jews negotiated with Britain, which ruled the region of Palestine at the time. In 1947, the UN passed a resolution to divide Palestine, and Israel was established in 1948.
However, many Palestinian residents were forced to leave their homes in the process, leading to the first Arab-Israeli War. Clashes between Israel and Palestine continued after that, and in 2006, the situation worsened when the Islamic militant group Hamas won the Palestinian parliamentary elections. Hamas took control of the Gaza Strip and attacked Israel, prompting Israel to intensify its attacks on the Gaza Strip.
In October 2023, another large-scale conflict erupted between Israel and Hamas, and many residents lost their homes in the Gaza Strip. According to the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA), there are currently 5.9 million Palestinian refugees, with over 2 million residing in the Gaza Strip. Gaza is a densely populated area of 360 square kilometers with a population density of 5,555 people per square kilometer. The refugees are forced to live in harsh conditions with shortages of electricity, water, and medical services.
While the UN, international NGOs, and governments are providing humanitarian aid, both Israel and Palestine need to make efforts to achieve a lasting peace. Recently, the Israeli military ordered residents of the Rafah region in the southernmost part of Gaza to evacuate temporarily, hinting at the possibility of a ground operation. This appears to be an attempt to pressure Hamas.
The ongoing fighting in Gaza for eight months and the stalemate between Israel and Hamas are further threatening the safety of residents in the Rafah region. The Israeli military has designated the Mawasi region along the Mediterranean coast and parts of Khan Yunis as evacuation areas for residents of Rafah, but these areas are unlikely to be able to accommodate a large-scale evacuation. If this situation escalates into a ground war, casualties among residents of the Rafah region are inevitable.
